Gluconorm SR 500mg Tablet is a medication used primarily for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus. It contains Metformin Hydrochloride as its active ingredient. The "SR" in the name stands for "sustained release," indicating that the tablet is formulated to release the medication gradually over time, providing a prolonged therapeutic effect. Active Ingredient: Metformin Hydrochloride (500mg): A biguanide class of antidiabetic agent that helps in controlling blood sugar levels. Metformin is widely used as a first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes. Uses: Gluconorm SR 500mg Tablet is primarily used for: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: To help control blood glucose levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes, particularly in combination with diet and exercise. Mechanism of Action: Reduces Hepatic Glucose Production: Metformin decreases the production of glucose by the liver, which helps lower blood sugar levels. Improves Insulin Sensitivity: Enhances the body's sensitivity to insulin, promoting better glucose uptake by cells. Decreases Intestinal Glucose Absorption: Reduces the absorption of glucose from the intestines, further contributing to lower blood glucose levels. Advantages of Sustained Release (SR) Formulation: Extended Release: Provides a gradual release of medication, which helps in maintaining stable blood glucose levels throughout the day. Reduced Side Effects: May minimize gastrointestinal side effects (such as nausea and diarrhea) that are commonly associated with immediate-release forms of Metformin. Common Side Effects: Gastrointestinal issues (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal discomfort) Lactic acidosis (rare but serious condition, especially in patients with severe renal impairment or other contraindications) Weight loss or weight neutrality Vitamin B12 deficiency (with long-term use) Precautions: Renal Function Monitoring: Should be used with caution in patients with renal impairment. Regular monitoring of renal function is recommended. Metabolic Acidosis: Not suitable for individuals with metabolic acidosis or severe renal disease. Lactic Acidosis: Although rare, it is a serious condition that requires immediate medical attention. Risk is higher in cases of dehydration, severe infection, or certain medications. Dosage and Administration: Dosage: The dosage of Gluconorm SR 500mg Tablet is determined by the healthcare provider based on the patient's individual needs and medical condition. It is generally started at a lower dose and gradually increased. Administration: Typically taken with meals to reduce gastrointestinal side effects and enhance absorption. The tablet should be swallowed whole, without crushing or chewing. Advantages: Effective in managing blood glucose levels with a single daily dose. Helps in achieving glycemic control over an extended period, improving adherence to treatment.